Fireworks Safety Month: How to Stay Safe During Summer Festivities

The Hazards of Fireworks Displays

Fireworks are a central feature of many festive occasions, especially during the warm summer nights. However, their captivating displays come with inherent risks, particularly to eye health. A significant 16% of all fireworks-related injuries affect the eyes, emphasizing the urgent need for proper safety measures. These injuries can range from minor irritations to severe damage, and in extreme cases, can lead to significant eye damage or even permanent vision loss. Below, we discuss some common eye injuries associated with fireworks: 

• Burns and Thermal Injuries: The intense heat emitted by fireworks can cause burns on the eyelids and the surface of the eye. These injuries are more likely when fireworks explode too close to a person or when sparks contact the eyes or skin. 

• Corneal Abrasions: Tiny particles from fireworks can become airborne and enter the eyes, leading to corneal abrasions or the embedding of foreign objects in the eye. These injuries are extremely painful and necessitate immediate medical attention to prevent further damage or blindness. 

• Blunt Force Trauma: Impacts from fireworks or flying debris can cause blunt force trauma to the eyes. Such trauma may lead to serious conditions like retinal detachment or globe rupture, which require prompt medical treatment to avoid permanent vision loss. 

• Chemical Burns: Handling fireworks without proper protective gear can expose eyes to harmful chemicals, potentially causing severe burns. 

Who is Most At-Risk for Fireworks-Related Injuries?

Fireworks are a key element of numerous festive events, yet they present significant risks to everyone involved, from those setting them off to the spectators watching from afar. According to the CPSC, the demographic most often injured by fireworks includes adults aged 25 to 44, who account for nearly 36% of all reported injuries. Children under 15 are also particularly vulnerable, comprising 28% of the injuries. Among the types of injuries, burns are the most common, constituting 38% of fireworks-related injuries. Moreover, 30% of individuals experience contusions, lacerations, or abrasions, 26% face various other medical complications, and 7% suffer fractures or sprains. Many “other medical complications” involve eye injuries, emphasizing the urgent need for strict safety protocols for participants and observers to mitigate these risks. 

Essential Protective Gear for Safe Fireworks Usage

Using the right protective equipment is essential to minimize the risk of eye injuries during fireworks displays. Fireworks produce intense heat, bright flashes, and flying debris, posing significant dangers to eye safety. Protective eyewear acts as a crucial shield against these hazards, greatly decreasing the chances of sustaining burns, impact injuries, or chemical exposure. Whether actively involved in fireworks handling or simply watching the event up close, wearing protective eyewear is a simple yet critical safety measure. Here are some important protective options to consider: 

Safety Glasses

Safety glasses made from durable, shatter-resistant polycarbonate provide strong protection against flying debris and impacts. These glasses often include side shields to block peripheral particles, making them ideal for both those directly handling fireworks and those observing. They are available in various sizes and styles to ensure a comfortable fit for all users, including children. 

Safety Goggles

Safety goggles provide more comprehensive protection than safety glasses by sealing around the eyes. This seal is especially beneficial in smoky environments or areas with chemical fumes or potential for sparks and small projectiles. Safety goggles are crucial for anyone close to the fireworks, whether they are managing the display or spectating. 

Face Shields

For the highest level of facial protection, face shields are strongly recommended. These shields protect not only the eyes but also the nose and mouth, offering an additional defense layer. Commonly used with safety glasses or goggles, face shields are especially valuable for those involved in the setup or management of fireworks displays, protecting against large explosions or misfires. 

UV-Protective Sunglasses

While mainly intended for sun protection, sunglasses with 100% UV protection also provide advantages during fireworks shows. They protect the eyes from intense light and glare and offer some debris protection. UV-protective sunglasses are particularly recommended for spectators who are farther from the action but still need protection from the bright bursts and occasional stray particles. 

Safe Fireworks Handling: Essential Best Practices

To ensure safety and enjoyment during fireworks events, it's crucial to handle fireworks correctly and minimize the risk of accidents. Here are some fundamental practices to follow for safe fireworks handling: 

1. Understand the Instructions: Before using any fireworks, it’s imperative to read and understand the manufacturer's guidelines for each type. Following these specific handling and lighting instructions is crucial to ensure safety. Pay attention to the recommended safety distances and proper lighting techniques to prevent unexpected incidents. 

2. Prepare a Safe Launch Area: Select a launch site free from flammable materials like dry grass or debris that could easily ignite. Choose a flat, open area well removed from buildings, vehicles, and onlookers. Always have a bucket of water, a garden hose, or a fire extinguisher nearby in case of emergencies. 

3. Wear Appropriate Safety Gear: Protect yourself by wearing safety glasses or goggles to protect your eyes from sparks and debris. Wearing gloves and long-sleeved clothing also helps protect your skin from burns and particles. 

4. Maintain a Safe Distance: After lighting a firework, quickly move back to a safe distance. Avoid attempting to relight fireworks that don’t ignite on the first try. Make sure all spectators, especially children, are kept at a safe distance under close supervision. 

5. Light Fireworks Carefully: Use a long lighter or a "punk" for ignition, keeping your hands and face as far from the fireworks as possible. Avoid using matches or short lighters that could bring you too close to the fuse. Light one firework at a time to reduce confusion and potential mishandling. 

6. Dispose of Fireworks Safely: After fireworks have been used, let them cool down completely before handling. Soak spent fireworks in water before disposal to prevent accidental ignition. Also, make sure to follow local regulations regarding the disposal of fireworks. 

What to Do If You’re Injured by a Firework

Even with stringent safety measures, fireworks-related accidents can happen. Quick and appropriate action in response to an eye injury can greatly reduce its severity and increase the chances of a full recovery. Here are important steps to follow if you experience an eye injury due to fireworks: 

1. Do Not Rub Your Eyes: Touching or rubbing an injured eye can worsen the condition, especially if foreign objects or chemicals are involved. To avoid additional damage, bleeding, and the risk of infection, it's crucial not to rub your eyes. 

2. Avoid Rinsing or Applying Pressure: Do not rinse the injured eye with anything other than clean water, as this could spread contaminants and exacerbate the injury. Applying pressure can also increase damage, particularly in cases of corneal abrasions or puncture wounds. Instead, gently cover the eye with a protective shield to prevent further contact and injury. 

3. Hold Off on Painkillers: It's advisable to refrain from taking over-the-counter painkillers right after an eye injury, as they can thin the blood and increase bleeding. Wait until a healthcare professional has assessed the injury before using any medication. 

4. Seek Immediate Medical Attention: Promptly visit the nearest emergency room if you sustain a fireworks-related eye injury. Depending on the injury's severity, you may need to be referred to an eye care specialist for specialized treatment. 

5. Follow Medical Advice: Adhering to the treatment plan prescribed by your healthcare provider is essential for effective recovery. This may include taking prescribed medications, attending necessary follow-up visits, and limiting activities that could further strain the eye.